The The Fantastical Reconstruction of Psyche: An Analysis of Magical Realism Elements in Kafka on the Shore

Abstract

This qualitative research analyzed how Haruki Murakami, in his famous book Kafka on the Shore (2006), utilized Magical Realism in the psychological development of the main protagonist, Kafka Tamura. By employing Wendy Farris’ primary characteristics of Magical Realism, the entire narrative was explored for the prevalence of magical realism elements and how consequential these have been in the story's progression. Results of the analysis show that four (4) of the five (5) magical realism elements (Irreducible element of magic, strong presence of the phenomenal world, the merging of different realms, and predilection for disturbing ideas about identity) were utilized to fully establish the psychological development undergone by the main protagonist, and to an extent, several other characters like Saeki and Nakata. Of these, the merging of different realms figures extensively in the protagonist’s experience; from his extremely lucid dreaming, to self-fulfilling prophecies, to the existence of the “other world”, his entry, and eventual psychological breakthrough and emergence from the other world. Through these magical realism elements, the main protagonist's psychological ordeal and eventual development are given much depth, engaging better the readers. The study also shows the personal struggles of Nakata and Saeki, with their paths seemingly naturally converging to exert an effect on the main protagonist through magical realism elements. Finally, the findings of the study also highlight those literary analyses remain a viable ground for scholarly research, and that literary techniques iconic to a certain region in the world can and may develop into different forms and applications across other regions of the literary world.