School Heads’ Ethical Leadership and Teachers' Self-Efficacy and Motivation

Jefferson E. Flores; Ariel M. Zacarias

Jefferson E. Flores Applied Sciences Department, Leyte Normal University, Philippines; Graduate School of Teacher Education, The National Teachers College, Philippines
Ariel M. Zacarias Division of Leyte, Department of Education, Region VIII, Philippines

Keywords: ethical leadership, self-efficacy, motivation, leadership

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between ethical leadership and teacher self-efficacy and motivation. The research involved a sample group of 60 classroom teachers, and data was collected using the Ethical Leadership Scale, Teacher Self-efficacy Scale, and Teacher Motivation Questionnaire. The reliability of these instruments was established, with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.87, 0.9, and 0.86, respectively. The findings of the study revealed a significant correlation between ethical leadership and teacher self-efficacy in general. However, when investigating specific aspects of self-efficacy, it was observed that ethical leadership was primarily associated with student engagement and classroom management, but not instructional strategies. This suggests that ethical leadership may have a greater impact on certain dimensions of teacher self-efficacy than others. Furthermore, the results demonstrated a significant relationship between ethical leadership and teacher motivation. This implies that teachers who perceive their leaders as ethical are more likely to be motivated in their work. Ethical leadership may play a crucial role in fostering a positive work environment and enhancing teacher motivation. Findings have implications for school administrators and policymakers, emphasizing the significance of promoting ethical leadership behaviors to support and empower teachers in their professional development and enhance overall educational outcomes.

Author Biographies

Jefferson E. Flores, Applied Sciences Department, Leyte Normal University, Philippines; Graduate School of Teacher Education, The National Teachers College, Philippines

Jefferson E. Flores is a faculty member of the Applied Sciences Department at Leyte Normal University in Tacloban City, Philippines. He is a registered nurse and a professional teacher with a graduate degree in Master of Arts in Education with specialization in Educational Management. He is pursuing his Doctor of Education Degree in Educational Leadership at the Graduate School of Teacher Education of the National Teachers College, Philippines.

Ariel M. Zacarias, Division of Leyte, Department of Education, Region VIII, Philippines

Ariel M. Zacarias is professional teacher and is currently a school head in the Division of Leyte, DepEd Region VIII. He has a Master’s Degree in Special Education and is pursuing his Doctor of Education Degree in Educational Leadership at the Graduate School of Teacher Education of the National Teachers College, Philippines.